Music Arrangement Theory
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Contents
Introduction
The intro typically lasts no longer than 8 bars and, in some cases, can be just 4 bars. The purpose of the intro is to establish a unique sound or theme, which should be different from both the pre-hook and hook sections. It sets the mood for the rest of the track.
Pre-hook
The pre-hook serves as a build-up to the main hook, usually with less intensity. It often lasts for 8 bars, though it may be reduced to 4 bars if the intro is shorter or follows a 4-bar pattern. The pre-hook should provide a sense of anticipation, creating space for the following energetic hook.
Hook
The hook is the most powerful and memorable part of the song, often lasting 12 bars but occasionally extending to 16 bars. It incorporates the full range of patterns, effects, and instrumentation. The hook is designed to capture the listener’s attention and serve as the centerpiece of the track.
Verse
The verse typically mirrors the structure of the hook, but with less energy and intensity. Verses tend to last for 8 bars, though shorter 4-bar verses are sometimes used. The verse usually provides additional narrative or thematic development to complement the dynamic shifts created by the hook.
Bridge
The bridge functions as a transition between two sections of the song. It connects different parts of the song together and adds contrast before returning to the main section. A bridge typically lasts for 8 bars, though shorter bridges of 4 bars can be effective, especially when the rest of the track follows a 4-bar structure.
Outro
The outro brings the song to a conclusion, often winding down with less energy than the rest of the track. The outro should resemble the bridge in terms of structure and energy, gradually tapering off to signal the end of the song. Like the intro and other sections, the outro typically lasts for 8 or 4 bars.
Examples of Song Structures
Short Song Structure
- Intro
- Hook
- Verse
- Outro
Small Song Structure
- Intro
- Pre-hook
- Hook
- Verse
- Outro
Medium Song Structure
- Intro
- Pre-hook
- Hook
- Verse
- Bridge
- Pre-hook
- Hook
- Verse
- Outro
Long Song Structure
- Intro
- Pre-hook
- Hook
- Verse
- Bridge
- Pre-hook
- Hook
- Verse
- Bridge
- Pre-hook
- Hook
- Verse
- Outro